Cotton Valley Independent Study
Production Enhancement Study:
• Post-job production history match (PHM), forecasting and discrete fracture network (DFN) pressure match (PM) fracture modeling was conducted for wells in several Basins (DJ, Williston, Midland and East Texas) to evaluate as-pumped created and propped fracture geometry in order to develop a calibrated fracture model to evaluate designs ranging from Slickwater to Hybrids and compare the resulting Production Uplifts, as well as Potential Reduction of Clean Frac Volume. The pump schedule, included slickwater (SW), linear gel (LN), and crosslinked gel (XL) using a Oxidative breakers or Hallux Mannanase HT Enzyme breaker as shown in Table 1. The conductivity indicated by the wells production history match was defined as the baseline for the oxidizing breaker. Regained proppant pack permeability testing results and rheology properties of the Mannanase HT enzyme breakers were incorporated into all the modeling.
Independent Regained Conductivity Testing shows:
•Oxidative Breaker (commodity chemical): 30-40% Proppant Pack Clean-Up
•Hallux Mannanase HT (US Patents #10,227,523 and 11,401,457, and 12,227,695): 90-100% Proppant Pack Clean-Up
Pressure Match & Design Fracture Composite Results:
•Production Forecasts show a range of 24.3 to 74.2% production uplifts when using Hallux Mannanase HT (Enzyme breaker) compared to the Oxidizing breakers used in typical designs
•Clean Water Volume Reduction range of 23 to 46% when adjusting pump schedules/frac designs as suggested
Pressure Match & Design Fracture Composite Model Report
East Texas Basin – Cotton Valley
Fracture Model Plots
Analog Pressure Match - Baseline oxidizer design used for calibration. Achieved 311 ft propped half-length and 2.05 mD-ft regained conductivity, serving as 0% uplift reference.
Design 1 - Hybrid slickwater-linear-crosslink design with Oxidizer breaker showing propped height 70 ft, propped half-length 244 ft, and regained conductivity 1.81 mD-ft. Delivered –15% uplift at 1 year and –17% at 5 years.
Design 2 - Hybrid slickwater-linear-crosslink design with Hallux Mannanase HT enzyme breaker showing propped height 106 ft, propped half-length 360 ft, regained conductivity 3.29 mD-ft, with +14% uplift at 1 year and +12% at 5 years.
Design 3 - Hybrid linear-crosslink design with Hallux Mannanase HT enzyme breaker achieving propped height 99 ft, propped half-length 302 ft, regained conductivity 4.63 mD-ft, and +20% uplift at 1 year and +10% at 5 years.
Design 4 - Hybrid slickwater-linear-crosslink design with Oxidizer breaker showing propped height 115 ft, propped half-length 305 ft, regained conductivity: 1.84 mD-ft. Modest cleanup efficiency, yielding +5.3% uplift at 1 year and +1.6% at 5 years.
Design 5 - Hybrid slickwater-linear-crosslink design with Hallux Mannanase HT enzyme breaker with propped height 118 ft, propped half-length 396 ft, regained conductivity 3.94 mD-ft. Produced the strongest recovery and production gain +74% uplift at 1 year and +46% at 5 years.
Production Forecast
Forecast production for the Designs 1-5 and CV Analog 1H PM. Designs 1-3 utilize CV Analog 1H pump schedule (1,500 lbm/ft) with Design 2 (red) recommended showing most improvement over CV Analog 1H. Designs 4-5 utilize a new pump schedule (2,000 lbm/ft) for CV 2H with Design (purple) recommended showing an additional uplift over Design 2.